![]() Sodium is a metal and chlorine is a nonmetal therefore, it has a very low electronegativity (0.9) compared to Chlorine (3.0). For example, sodium chloride has an ionic bond between sodium ion and chloride ion. An atom, with high electronegativity can attract electrons from an atom with low electronegativity to form an ionic bond. The electronegativities of the atoms in an ionic bond largely influence the strength of the electrostatic interactions between ions.įigure 01: Formation of an Ionic Bond between Sodium and Chlorine AtomsĮlectronegativity is a measurement of the atoms’ affinity for electrons. Ionic bond is the attractive force between these oppositely charged ions. There are electrostatic interactions between the ions. Side by Side Comparison – Ionic vs Covalent Bonds in Tabular FormĪtoms can gain or lose electrons and form negative or positive charged particles which we call ions. Ionic and covalent bonds are the two major types of chemical bonds, which connect atoms in a chemical compound.Ĥ. Thus, each atom can achieve a noble gas electronic configuration. These atoms tend to react with each other to become stable. Most of the atoms have less than eight electrons in their valence shells (except the noble gases in the group 18 of the periodic table) therefore, they are not stable. The key difference between ionic and covalent bonds is that ionic bonds occur between atoms having very different electronegativities whereas covalent bonds occur between atoms with similar or very low electronegativity differences.Īs proposed by the American chemist G.N.Lewis proposed that atoms are stable when they contain eight electrons in their valence shell. ![]()
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